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| Question | Answer |
|---|
| Which artery provides the blood supply to the bladder?
| vesicle artery
|
| What is the chemical type of urinary calculi that accounts for the majority of these cases?
| Calcium based
|
| Which blood test can indicate the possibility of prostatic cancer?
| PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen)
|
| Which diagnostic tool involves the use of intravenous dye and radiological films to view the urological system?
| Intravenous Urogram
|
| What type of suture is appropriate for closure of a ureterotomy?
| 4-0 to 6-0
|
| What are some of the procedures performed on women with stress incontinence?
| Stamey, anterior colporrhaphy, MMK (Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz)
|
| What procedure is a radical orchiectomy?
| Very extensive
|
| Know male and female anatomy.
|
|
| What are the 2 types of dialysis?
| 1. Hemodialysis 2. Peritoneal dialysis
|
| Know the various incisions used in GU.
| inguinal, scrotal, abdominal, gibson, flank, lumbar
|
| *What is a Wilm’s tumor?
| aka: nephroblastoma (malignancy affecting the kidney)
|
| How does Hemodialysis work?
| removing blood from artery, adding vital substances and returning it to a vein.
|
| How does Peritoneal dialysis work?
| Peritoneum cavity acts as the semipermaeable membrane
|
| *What is the treatment for a Wilm's tumor?
| kidney removal
|
| *What are 3 sources for a kidney transplant?
| 1. cadavers 2. living relatives 3. unrelated living donors
|
| *Why is the left kidney usually taken from a cadaver?
| because the LEFT renal artery is longer
|
| *In a renal transplant, what are the kidneys flushed with before being packed in sterile ice slush?
| Collins Solution
|
| *In a radical nephrectomy, where is the incision made?
| Through posterior peritoneum
|
| *What type of catheter is used after an open cystostomy?
| Malecot or Pezzer
|
| *How is an open cystostomy closed after a _____ catheter has been inserted?
| pursestring
|
| 1. What is the medial border of the kidneys that receives the renal blood vessels called?
| Hilam
|
| 2. Which outer portion of the kidney contains the glomeruli?
| Cortex
|
| 3. Which structures unite to form the renal pelvis?
| Major calyces
|
| 5. Which muscle is responsible for emptying the bladder and closing the bladder orifice?
| Detrusor muscle
|
| 6. Which important clinical landmark is marked by ureteral and urethral orifices?
| Trigone
|
| 8. What is the name of the portion of the skin covering the distal base of the penis that forms a free fold?
| prepuce (foreskin)
|
| 9. Which portion of the male reproductive system can be found passing through the spermatic cord and eventually conducting semen into the prostatic urethra?
| Ductus(Vas Deferens)
|
| 10. Which rare condition is indicated by an overproduction of cortisol by the cortex of the adrenal gland?
| Cushing Syndrom
|
| 12. Which disorder is marked by multiple fluid-filled, benign cysts in the parenchyma of the kidney?
| Polycystic Kidney Disease
|
| 13. Which congenital condition is marked by the absence of the anterior wall of the urethra?
| Epispadias
|
| 16. Which extraperitoneal incisional option can be used to access the lower portion of the ureter?
| Gibson
|
| 17. Which surgical procedure involves diverting urine flow through an isolated loop of bowel?
| Ilealio conduit
|
| 18. What is a Koch pouch?
| Uterine sac made out of portion of bowel
|
| 19. How are adrenalectomies performed?
| TRADITIONAL INCISION
|
| What type of incision is made for a radical orchiectomy?
| Inguinal
|
| 24. Which prostatectomy procedure involves an incision into the bladder to remove the prostate en bloc?
| suprapubic prostatectomy
|
| 25. Why is the right kidney located slightly lower than the left?
| due to liver location
|
| 26. What is a Vasovasostomy?
| reanastomosis of vas deferens (reversal of vasectomy)
|
| 29. What do the medulla of the adrenal glands do?
| Epinephrine & norepinephrine
|
| 30. Which muscles surround the kidney?
| Psoas
|
| 31. What is the vascular supply for the Bladder?
| Superior/ inferior vesicle arteries
|
| 32. How long is the male urethra approximately?
| 20 cm
|
| 33. What is the function of the tunica albuginea?
| Covers the testes
|
| 34. What is Cushing’s and Addisons disease? Symptoms? (KNOW SYMPTOMS)
| central body obesity, glucose intolerance, hypertension, hirsutism, osteoposis, kidney stones, emotional instability, menstrual irregularity
|
| 35. What is Pheochromocytoma?
| tumor affecting the medulla of the adrenal gland
|
| 38. A white blood cell count over ____ usually indicates infection.
| 10,000
|
| 39. Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) is a nuclear medicine study that is specifically designed to detect which condition?
| Pheochromocytoma
|
| 40. What is the purpose of using an O’Connor shield?
| digital manipulation of prostate
|
| 44. If seeding of malignant cells is a concern, what might the bladder may be filled with prior to the urethral transaction?
| formalin solution
|
| 45. The Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz procedure may be performed in conjunction with what procedure?
| Abdominal Hysterectomy
|
| 46. What is a Varicocelectomy repairing?
| Abnormal dilation of spermatic veins
|
| 47. If the ureters are difficult to identify when the bladder is opened, what may be used intravenous to facilitate locating the orifices?
| Indigo Carmine
|
| 50. Urinary Calculi DX:
| Blood tests, Urine C&S, X-ray, US, CT, IV Urogram (IVP)
|
| 52. Direct access to adrenal glands, kidneys, & proximal ureters
| Flank *muscles have to be cut
|
| 55. Removed at the upper or lower pole of the kidney
| Subtotal Nephrectomy *Flank incision
|
| 56. Defect covered with: a patch of peritoneum, omental fat, redundant renal capsule
| Partial Nephrectomy
|
| 57. Done for a kidney transplant
| Simple Nephrectomy
|
| 59. Tack up bladder (mild stress incontinence)
| Anterior Coloporrhaphy
|
| 60. Simple, minimally INVASIVE procedure for placing a self- fixating sling to support the urethra
| SPARC sling system
|
| 61. Supports the vagina beside the urethra, “Bladder neck suspension” procedure alleviates the pressure placed on the urethra
| Burch procedure
|
| 62. Ureters are difficult to identify when bladder is opened, ____ may facilitate locating the orifices
| IV indigo carmine
|
There are 2 basic options for urostomy surgery, often called urinary diversion. The 2 types are named for how the pathway that allows urine to pass from the body is diverted (re-routed or changed) during the procedure. Incontinent diversion, sometimes called a standard or conventional urostomy.
If the bladder is removed through a radical cystectomy, our surgeons may be able to create a new bladder, called a neobladder. If that's not possible, we will create a new way for the urine to leave the body. This is called urinary diversion.
