What may occur if a person who is attacked by a fierce dog later develops a fear of alldogs?osocial facilitationoreinforcementostimulus generalizationochunkingoCorrect. This occurs when a stimulus that caused fear or trauma (being attackedby an aggressive dog) is generalized to encompass similar stimuli (fear of alldogs, whether aggressive or not). Sometimes this effect wears off, but sometimesit will linger for years or even up to a lifetime. Show
Which part of the brain monitors our actions and checks for errors? Get answer to your question and much more othe anterior cingulate cortexothe basal gangliaothe corpus callosumoCorrect. This region of the brain monitors all that we do, and checks for mistakes.It tends to be especially overactive in those with OCD, which may help explainsome of the obsessive actions associated with that disorder.A sudden loss of memory is one symptom of which of the following? Get answer to your question and much more Between 1930 and 1960, what was the average number of dissociative identity disorderdiagnoses in North America per decade? Get answer to your question and much more Over the past 50 years, the incidence of anorexia nervosa has steadily increased. This isprobably attributable to which of the following?ocultural ideals of beauty that increasingly encourage thinnessothe decreasing emphasis on maintaining stable marriagesothe onset of adolescence at increasingly younger ages oincreasing levels of childhood sexual abuseoCorrect. In cultures that don't idolize thinness, eating disorders are much morerare, but in Western cultures where the ideal body shape is only attainable throughphoto editing and women have a much lower satisfaction in their body image,eating disorders are higher.A true "drama queen" is MOST likely to have which personality disorder? Get answer to your question and much more End of preview. Want to read all 25 pages? Upload your study docs or become a Course Hero member to access this document OverviewWhat is cynophobia?Cynophobia is an extreme fear of dogs. The name of this phobia comes from “cyno,” the Greek word for dog. Children and adults with this disorder go out of their way to avoid dogs. They may have severe anxiety or a full panic attack when hearing a dog bark, watching a movie about a dog or going to a place where a dog might be. In severe cases, people with this disorder avoid friends or stay indoors because they worry about meeting a dog. Several types of therapy can help people with this phobia. What is a phobia?Phobias are anxiety disorders that cause people to be afraid of a situation or object that is usually harmless. They involve excessive fear of an event or situation that won’t necessarily cause harm in reality. And they tend to have unexpected reactions to things other people don’t find scary or worrisome. Cynophobia is a specific phobia disorder. People with specific phobia disorders have extreme reactions to a certain object or situation. They do whatever they can to avoid the thing that causes discomfort, concern or fear — in this case, dogs. How common is cynophobia?Healthcare providers aren’t sure how many people have this particular phobia. Some studies show that intense fear of animals is one of the most common types of specific phobias. And about 1 in every 3 people with a phobia of animals has an overwhelming fear of dogs. Around 9% of adults in the U.S. have a specific phobia disorder. People of all genders can get specific phobia disorders, but women are more likely to get them. Symptoms and CausesWho is at risk of cynophobia?This disorder commonly affects children, but people of all ages can develop cynophobia. Cynophobia is widespread among people with autism and sensory or intellectual differences. You’re more likely to have cynophobia if you have:
People who have had a scary encounter with a dog are also more likely to develop this phobia. Even if the dog didn’t actually bite you, being chased or threatened can cause cynophobia. The terrifying memories can return whenever you think about or see a dog. This phobia can develop as part of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). What causes cynophobia?Providers think that phobias result from a mix of genetics, personal history and environmental factors. People who have anxiety disorders or mental illnesses are more likely to develop a phobia. They may be more vulnerable to developing cynophobia if they have a scary experience with a dog or another animal. What are the triggers of cynophobia?People with this disorder don’t necessarily need to come into contact with a dog to have severe anxiety. Triggers of cynophobia include:
What are the symptoms of cynophobia?People with this phobia experience extreme anxiety, fear and panic attacks when they think about or see a dog. They feel as if they’re in danger. Signs of cynophobia include:
Diagnosis and TestsHow do healthcare providers diagnose cynophobia?Your provider will ask about your symptoms and ask when they occur. They will also ask about your history and your family history of phobias. They’ll want to know about any scary experiences you’ve had with dogs or other animals. Tell your provider when your symptoms began and if they affect your sleep and daily activities. Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional who specializes in phobias. This type of expert is specially trained to diagnose phobias and other anxiety disorders. Management and TreatmentHow do providers treat cynophobia?The primary treatments for cynophobia are therapy and medication. There are several types of therapy that can help people with an overwhelming fear of dogs. These include: Exposure therapy: Your provider gradually exposes you to dogs. Some providers offer virtual reality therapy using special goggles that mimic interacting with a real dog. Over time, your sensitivity to dogs decreases and you become less fearful. This therapy may include:
Your provider may also recommend:
What are the complications of cynophobia?Without treatment, severe cynophobia can cause people to avoid situations where they may encounter dogs. They might stay away from family and friends or stop going for walks outside. They may even develop agoraphobia and stop leaving their home altogether. This can damage relationships and lead to problems holding down a job. Isolation, anxiety and depression can result. Outlook / PrognosisWhat is the prognosis (outlook) for people who have cynophobia?Most people with a phobia of dogs get better with therapy. But the outlook depends on the severity of the phobia and the person’s overall mental health. Some people need long-term therapy for the condition to improve. You may also need several therapies, like CBT combined with exposure therapy. Living WithWhen should I see my healthcare provider about cynophobia?Talk to your provider if you or your child has severe signs of cynophobia. If anxiety or panic attacks are getting in the way of your daily life, see your provider right away. Many kids are afraid of dogs when they’re young. It’s common to be afraid and grow out of it. But you should call your child’s provider if their fear is severe. What questions should I ask my doctor?To gain a better understanding of cynophobia and your treatment options, ask your provider:
A note from Cleveland Clinic What occurs when a person who is attacked by a fierce dog later develops a fear of all dogs?Stimulus generalization occurs when a person attacked by a fierce dog later develops a fear of all dogs. Reinforcement helps maintain our phobias and compulsions after they arise.
Is a false belief that often accompanies psychotic disorders?Delusions and psychosis
Delusions are false beliefs that are not shared by others. Delusions can take various forms, including: paranoid delusion – for example, the person believes they are being watched and singled out for some harmful purpose.
Which statement is true concerning the acquisition and maintenance of phobias?Which statement is true concerning the acquisition and maintenance of phobias? Phobias are acquired through classical conditioning and maintained through operant conditioning.
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