What does a pulmonary function test measure AES

Author links open overlay panelJae-WooKwonaHeewonJungbSae-HoonKimcYoon-SeokChangcYou SookChobDong-HoNahmdAn-SooJangeJung-WonParkfHo JooYoongSang-HeonChocYoung-JooChohByoung WhuiChoiiHee-BomMoonbTae-BumKimbPersonEnvelopeCOREA investigatorsj

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//doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2019.02.010Get rights and content

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Highlights

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Maintaining Asthma Control Test™(ACT) ≥ 20 could reduce the risk of asthma exacerbation in asthmatic patients with low FEV1.

The risk seems still higher in those patients than asthmatics with near-normal FEV1 despite asthma treatments by specialists.

Additional treatment strategies to prevent AEs seem to be needed for patients with low FEV1.

Abstract

Background

Low forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) is a risk factor for asthma exacerbations (AEs). We aimed to determine if asthma control could reduce the future risk of AEs in patients with low FEV1. This study was conducted to evaluate the future risks of AEs within six months according to Asthma Control Test™ (ACT) score and FEV1.

Methods

A total of 565 patients with asthma were enrolled from the COREA cohort. The ACT score, lung function test, and number of AEs were assessed at baseline, three-month follow-up, and six-month follow-up with conventional asthma treatments by asthma specialists in real clinical settings.

Results

Female sex, low ACT score, low FEV1, low FVC, and AE history in the previous three months were related with increased AEs within six months. AEs during six-month follow-up occurred in 24% of patients with ACT <20 and FEV1 < 60% at baseline. Among patients with an ACT score ≥20, 3.4% of patients with an FEV1 < 2.16 L and 9.8% of patients with FEV1 ≥ 2.16 L had experienced AEs (P = 0.01), although no differences were observed in the presence of AEs within six months according to the predicted FEV1 (FEV1 ≥ 60% vs. FEV1 < 60%, 5.66% vs. 8.51%, P = 0.65).

Conclusion

Patient with low FEV1 seemed to show higher risk of AEs than those with near-normal FEV1 despite ACT score ≥20 and asthma treatments. Therefore, treatment strategies that prevent AEs are needed in high-risk asthmatic patients.

Author links open overlay panelCarl D.D'RuizaPersonEnvelopeGrantO'ConnellbPersonEnvelopeDonald W.GraffcEnvelopeX. SherwinYandEnvelope

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//doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.05.002Get rights and content

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Switching to e-cigarettes led to small improvements in cardiovascular and pulmonary function.

Reductions in vital signs were observed in most subjects that switched to using e-cigarettes.

Use of e-cigarettes for 5 days did not lead to negative respiratory health outcomes.

Physiological changes associated with smoking reduction were noted in exhaled breath.

Short-term use of e-cigarettes did not result in any serious adverse effects.

Abstract

Acute changes in select physiological parameters associated with cardiovascular physiology (systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR)), pulmonary function (FVC, FEV1, and exhaled CO and NO) and adverse events were measured in 105 clinically confined subjects who were randomized into groups that either completely or partially switched from conventional cigarettes to e-cigarettes or completely discontinued using tobacco and nicotine products altogether. Use of the e-cigarettes for five days under the various study conditions did not lead to higher BP or HR values, negative respiratory health outcomes or serious adverse health events. Reductions in BP and HR vital signs were observed in most of the participants that either ceased tobacco and nicotine products use altogether or switched completely to using e-cigarettes. Pulmonary function tests showed small but non-statistically significant improvements in FVC and FEV1 measurements in most use groups. Statistically significant (p