Phát triển trồng rừng gỗ lớn gắn với xây dựng chứng chỉ quản lý rừng bền vững FSC không chỉ tăng giá trị kinh tế rừng trồng mà còn đảm bảo các giá trị bảo vệ môi trường với lợi ích xã hội, hướng đến phát triển lâm nghiệp bền vững. Show
Cuối năm 2020, Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Hà Thanh được tổ chức đánh giá cấp chứng chỉ rừng GFA (CHLB Đức, một trong những tổ chức được Hội đồng Quản lý rừng thế giới (FSC) ủy nhiệm thực hiện đánh giá cấp chứng chỉ FSC trên toàn thế giới) cấp chứng chỉ FSC cho hơn 2.800 ha rừng (hơn 2.500 ha rừng trồng, 292 ha rừng khoanh nuôi phục hồi). Ngoài ra, Công ty cũng trồng hơn 1.900 ha rừng gỗ lớn và dự kiến trồng thêm 1.000 - 1.200 ha rừng gỗ lớn. .jpg) Cán bộ Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Hà Thanh kiểm tra rừng FSC của đơn vị. Ảnh: NGỌC NHUẬN Ông Cái Minh Tùng, Chủ tịch Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Hà Thanh, cho biết: “Rừng trồng được cấp chứng chỉ FSC, cũng như rừng gỗ lớn sẽ được trồng theo chu kỳ khai thác 8 - 10 năm. Mô hình trồng rừng FSC và rừng gỗ lớn không chỉ tăng năng suất, giá trị kinh tế rừng trồng mà lợi ích lớn nhất là bảo vệ môi trường, chống biến đổi khí hậu; khi kết hợp cả hai với nhau, giá trị của việc trồng rừng sẽ lớn hơn rất nhiều nhờ có tính bền vững”. Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Quy Nhơn cũng đã được cấp chứng chỉ FSC cho gần 4.200 ha rừng. Theo ông Phạm Bá Hiếu, Phó Phòng kỹ thuật Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Quy Nhơn, trồng rừng theo chứng chỉ FSC phải tuân thủ các quy trình trồng, chăm sóc, khai thác đảm bảo các yếu tố bảo vệ môi trường, hệ sinh thái tự nhiên… Công ty cũng phối hợp với Viện Khoa học Lâm nghiệp Việt Nam (Bộ NN&PTNT) nghiên cứu, chuyển giao công nghệ lâm nghiệp áp dụng trong trồng rừng keo thâm canh gỗ lớn; trồng thử nghiệm giống mới như cây sao đen, dầu tím để nâng cao chất lượng rừng trồng. Theo kế hoạch từ năm 2021 - 2025, Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Sông Kôn trồng 600 ha rừng gỗ lớn chu kỳ khai thác 10 năm. Ông Nguyễn Ngọc Đạo, Chủ tịch Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Sông Kôn, cho biết: “Công ty hiện đang xây dựng phương án quản lý rừng bền vững 1.400 ha theo chứng chỉ rừng VFSC theo tiêu chuẩn quốc tế. Dự kiến đến quý I/2024 sẽ được đánh giá và cấp chứng chỉ VFSC, mở ra cơ hội cho sản phẩm gỗ rừng trồng của Công ty tăng giá trị cho xuất khẩu”. Theo Chi cục Kiểm lâm (Sở NN&PTNT), tính đến nay, toàn tỉnh có 4 DN, gồm: Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Hà Thanh, Công ty TNHH Lâm nghiệp Quy Nhơn, Công ty CP năng lượng sinh học Phú Tài, Công ty TNHH Năng lượng sinh học Tín Nhân được cấp chứng chỉ FSC với tổng diện tích hơn 13.330 ha; trong đó, 1.450 ha rừng tự nhiên, 217 ha rừng khoanh nuôi tái sinh (khu vực bảo vệ ven suối), 11.663,5 ha rừng trồng. Ông Lê Đức Sáu, Phó Chi cục trưởng phụ trách Chi cục Kiểm lâm, cho biết: Ngoài việc hỗ trợ các DN thực hiện quy trình, thủ tục đầu tư liên kết trồng rừng bền vững, do trồng rừng gỗ lớn gắn với chứng chỉ có nhiều lợi ích mang tính chiến lược, Chi cục đã tham mưu Sở NN&PTNT trình UBND tỉnh xem xét, trình HĐND tỉnh ban hành Nghị quyết quy định chính sách hỗ trợ phát triển rừng trồng sản xuất cây gỗ lớn trên địa bàn tỉnh đến năm 2030, gồm: Hỗ trợ các tổ chức, cá nhân, hộ dân trồng rừng gỗ lớn, chuyển hóa rừng gỗ nhỏ sang trồng gỗ lớn; hỗ trợ bảo vệ rừng, cấp chứng chỉ FSC, hỗ trợ thiệt hại do nguyên nhân bất khả kháng… nhằm thực hiện hiệu quả Đề án của UBND tỉnh về phát triển cây gỗ lớn trên địa bàn tỉnh giai đoạn 2016 - 2020, định hướng đến năm 2035. Xác định lập địa phù hợp cho rừng trồng gỗ lớn Để phát triển trồng rừng gỗ lớn ở Bình Định, vấn đề quan trọng nhất là xác định lập địa phù hợp (đất thịt xốp, tầng đất dày từ 0,7 m trở lên, khí hậu phù hợp…), độ cao dưới 600 m so với mực nước biển. Tiếp đến là lựa chọn các nguồn giống cây keo lai, keo lá tràm, cây bản địa (sao đen, dầu rái, giáng hương, dổi…) có nguồn gốc truy xuất chất lượng, nếu sử dụng giống cây cấy mô sẽ càng hiệu quả hơn. Mật độ trồng rừng không quá dày, có thể trồng dao động từ 1.600 - 2.000 cây/ha và áp dụng biện pháp tỉa thưa; kỹ thuật trồng phải chú ý quản lý lập địa, không đốt thực bì sau khai thác, bón phân đúng liều lượng theo chủng loại cây trồng… ( 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