What is a research benefit of modifying surveys to present different sets of questions to participants based on their responses?
b. The data obtained from customized surveys are less likely to be prone to social desirability bias. c. The participants are less likely to be prone to fatigue and drop out of the study. d. The researchers are less likely to obtain data that refutes their predictions. What is meant by “selection bias” in the context of survey research?
b. The survey participants are randomly chosen from the population. c. The survey participants are not part of the population of interest. d. The survey participants are a part of the population of interest. Evelyn claims that out of the 1000 surveys that she sent by mail to random addresses around the city, only 121 were returned. She is worried that the 121 people who responded are systematically different from the rest. Evelyn is not concerned about:
b. Non-response bias c. Self-selection bias d. Motivated respondent bias Which bias occurs when individuals who were contacted chose to complete the survey differ in some ways from others who were contacted but chose not to take the survey?
b. Non-response c. Attrition d. Motivated respondent What is meant by self-selection bias in survey research?
b. This bias occurs when individuals choose to participate in a survey based on some criteria that is not related to the research topic. c. This bias occurs when individuals choose to participate in a survey in the hopes of changing public opinion. d. This bias occurs when individuals choose to participate in a survey in the hopes of changing the hypothesis of the study. What is meant by motivated respondent bias?
b. It is a form of experimenter bias that occurs in situations where people are highly motivated to design a survey in hopes of influencing the hypothesis to change public opinion. c. It is a form of experimenter bias that occurs in situations where people are highly motivated to complete a survey in hopes of influencing the research process in general. d. It is a form of experimenter bias that occurs in situations where people are highly motivated to complete a survey in hopes of influencing the motivation behind the research. When the wording of a survey item is changed to draw a particular response from participants, ___________________ bias is at work.
b. motivated respondent c. self-selection d. experimenter Shorter surveys are less prone to __________________ than longer surveys; thus responses are less likely to display a ______________________.
b. social desirability bias; response set c. fatigue effects; motivated response pattern d. social desirability bias; motivated response pattern In which of the following instances is social desirability bias most likely to pose a problem to the validity of research data?
b. Asking child participants about which toy they enjoyed playing with the most. c. Asking adult participants about what they would do in certain situations if there were no legal consequences. d. Asking college student participants for their feedback on a textbook. The Conflict Tactics Scale is a self-report measure that asks about conflict resolution behavior to subtly probe occurrences of domestic violence. By presenting violent behavior in a neutral light, the scale works to reduce the instance of _______________________ in its respondents.
b. self-selection bias c. response set d. social desirability bias What is the best practice of treating survey data from a participant who seems to be responding randomly but has completed the entire survey?
b. Include the data, as long as there is no experimenter bias. c. Discard the data, because they are potentially invalid. d. Discard the data, because of attrition. George is running a web-based survey investigating the grocery shopping behavior of households. After completing his survey, each respondent receives a gift card. He is using IP tracking to ensure that each household submits only one survey. What potential threat to validity is his strategy addressing?
b. Respondents who answer fraudulently c. Respondents with an agenda d. Respondents who are careless Many researchers who employ surveys in their research use attention checks. These questions often look like “please select the day of the week that matches today's day,” “Please select strongly disagree for this question,” or “please select the name of our current president.” This strategy does not allow them to overcome which of the following pitfalls of survey research?
b. Careless respondents c. Social desirability bias d. Respondents with language barriers Respondents with an agenda to influence the results of a survey or invalidate the study cause the data to suffer from:
b. Non-response bias c. Response set d. Careless responding What is a “lie scale” in survey research?
b. It is a set of items written to check that participants are not responding to the same survey multiple times to obtain a particular reward. c. It is a set of items written to check that participants do not suffer from cognitive disabilities that would affect their understanding of the survey items. d. It is a set of items written to check that participants are giving accurate demographic information about themselves and not making up information for privacy reasons. Jaime would like to investigate freshmen's adjustment to college life. She decides to recruit 500 Introduction to Psychology students as respondents for her survey, offering 1 extra class credit for survey completion. At the end of data collection, Jaime discovers that some students displayed response sets in the survey. Jaime's data is potentially ________________ due to _______________________.
b. invalid; motivated response bias c. ungeneralizable; self-selection bias d. ungeneralizable; careless responding In research using the interview method, researchers often stick to a pre-determined set of questions and are mindful of their dressing, posture and facial expression. What do these measures serve?
b. To reduce the likelihood of participants responding affirmatively to any question when in doubt. c. To increase the likelihood of participants responding to the interview questions with rich verbal data. d. To increase the likelihood of detecting careless responding in participants. Which of the following is the best definition of a control variable?
b. It is a variable measuring the outcome that researchers are interested in. c. It is a variable whose effects are controlled by experimental manipulation. d. It is a variable measuring the outcome that researchers have controlled for. Which of the following descriptions is most accurate about the MacArthur scale of subjective socio-economic status?
b. It overcomes the issue of individuals having to report too many other questions about actual income and actual education level. c. It overcomes potential threats to validity and has been shown to be a better way to get at SES information than asking about income and education level. d. It has higher reliability. Erica has made extensive modifications to an established survey in order for the survey items to better fit her research question. Which of the following describes the best course of action for obtaining valid data that Erica should take, before administering the survey to her participants? What are the two main characteristics of survey research?The two main characteristics of survey research are that it is dependent on self-report measures and that it is carried out with large, random samples.
How popular is a survey research justify your answer?Survey research is popular because of its versatility, efficiency and generalizability.
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