Analyzing DocumentsCreated by the National Archives Show About this Activity
Start Activity In this activity, students will go through the process of analyzing a propaganda poster to better understand propaganda techniques and the perceived threat of communism in the 1950s. They will be introduced to the domino theory and the implementation of the U.S. containment policy in Vietnam. https://www.docsteach.org/activities/student/propaganda-poster-investigation Suggested Teaching InstructionsThis activity can be used during a unit on the Cold War or the Vietnam War. It can serve as an introduction to the domino theory and the U.S. policy of containment during the Cold War, as an introduction to U.S. involvement in Vietnam, or foreshadowing U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. It also serves to teach or reinforce the process of document (poster) analysis. For grades 7-12. Approximate time needed is 30 minutes. Direct students to begin the activity individually or in pairs. They should spend a few moments looking at the poster unassisted. They won't yet be informed that this poster was distributed by the U.S. Information Agency after the Geneva Accords divided Vietnam in 1954. The text translates to: "Anywhere there is communism, there is terrorism and assassination!" Students should then proceed to answer the questions that follow, which will guide them through the process of document (poster) analysis: Meet the document. Observe its parts. Try to make sense of it. Once students have worked through the analysis questions and click "When You're Done," they will be presented with historical background about the U.S. fear of communism during the Red Scare, the domino theory, and the U.S. policy of containment: This poster says "Anywhere there is communism, there is terrorism and assassination!" It was created and distributed internationally by the U.S. Information Agency (USIA) in 1954, just after the division of Vietnam into North and South. Students will be asked to answer the following in preparation for a class discussion:
As a class, discuss the propaganda techniques used in the poster to persuade the South Vietnamese of the threat of communism: the blood and violent imagery; the color red, hammer and sickle, and star symbolizing communism; and the vulture, skull, and bones symbolizing death. Next discuss students' answers to each of the final questions. Students might predict that the United States would ultimately get involved with "containing" communism in Vietnam through military force rather than simply persuasion. The class could ultimately discuss whether students believe that the domino theory justified the United States going to war in Vietnam.
To the extent possible under law, National Archives Education Team has waived all copyright and related or neighboring rights to "Introduction to the Domino Theory and Containment Policy in Vietnam". How did the domino effect play a role in the US involvement in the Korean War?The United States eventually became involved in the conflict, supporting South Korea on the basis of the domino theory, fearing that Korean communism would spread throughout the rest of the South Pacific.
What was the domino theory and how did it apply to the American involvement?The domino theory is a concept that if one domino strikes another, it can lead to a chain reaction where all the dominoes fall. The fear of communism spreading from the Soviet Union who was America's ally in World War II against Nazi Germany began after the war ended.
What is the domino theory and why is it important to the Vietnam War?The Domino Theory stated simply that Communist victory in one country or region would spark neighboring regions to rise up against pro-American governments, which would lead to more victories and further insurgencies.
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