What is the difference between social dominance orientation SDO and Right

Extending previous research on the relation of Big-Five personality with right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation, we examined the relationships of Big-Five facet scores rather than factor scores. The results (N = 332) of stepwise regression analyses showed that Openness to Experience was the only significant predictor of right-wing authoritarianism at the factor level, whereas Values and Ideas were significant predictors at the facet level. A similar analysis of social dominance orientation showed that Agreeableness and Openness to Experience contributed significantly to the prediction at the factor level, whereas Tender-Mindedness and Values were the best significant predictors at the facet level. The prediction based on facet scores was more accurate than the prediction based on factor scores. A random split of the sample confirmed the robustness of the findings. The results are discussed against the background of the personality and the social psychology approaches to explaining individual differences in prejudice.

References

• Adorno, T.W., Frenkel-Brunswik, E., Levinson, D.J., Sanford, R.N.(1950). The authoritarian personality . New York: Norton Google Scholar

• Akrami, N.(2005). Prejudice: The interplay of personality, cognition, and social psychology. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Comprehensive Summaries of Uppsala Dissertations from the Faculty of Social Sciences 5. Uppsala, Sweden: University Library Google Scholar

• Akrami, N., Ekehammar, B.(2005). Prejudice: Personality or social psychology? . Manuscript submitted for publication Google Scholar

• Akrami, N., Ekehammar, B., Araya, T.(2000). Classical and modern racial prejudice: A study of attitudes toward immigrants in Sweden. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 521– 532 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Altemeyer, B.(1981). Right-wing authoritarianism . Manitoba, Canada: University Press Google Scholar

• Altemeyer, B.(1996). The authoritarian specter . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press Google Scholar

• Altemeyer, B.(1998). The other “authoritarian personality.”. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 30, pp. 47-92). Orlando, FL: Academic Press Google Scholar

• Asendorpf, J.B., van Aken, M.A.G.(2003). Personality-relationship transaction in adolescence: Core versus surface personality characteristics. Journal of Personality, 71, 629– 666 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Bergman, H.(2003). NEO-PI-R: Manual - svensk version . [NEO-PI-R: Manual - Swedish version]. Stockholm: Psykologiförlaget Google Scholar

• Bouchard, T.J. Jr., Loehlin, J.C.(2001). Genes, evolution, and personality. Behavior Genetics, 31, 243– 273 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Butler, J.C.R.(2000). Personality and emotional correlates of right-wing authoritarianism. Social Behavior and Personality, 28, 1– 14 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Clark, L.A., Watson, D.(1999). Temperament: A new paradigm for trait psychology. In L.A. Pervin & O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality (2nd ed., pp. 399-423). New York: Guilford Google Scholar

• Costa, P.T. Jr., McCrae, R.R.(1992). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual . Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources Google Scholar

• Duckitt, J., Wagner, C., Du Plessis, I., Birum, I.(2002). The psychological bases of ideology and prejudice: Testing a dual process model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 75– 93 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Duriez, B., Soenens, B.(2005). Personality, identity styles, and authoritarianism: An integrative study among late adolescents . Manuscript submitted for publication Google Scholar

• Duriez, B., Van Hiel, A., Kossowska, M.(2005). Authoritarianism and social dominance in Western and Eastern Europe: The importance of the sociopolitical context and of political interest and involvement. Political Psychology, 26, 299– 320 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Ekehammar, B., Akrami, N.(2005). Personality and prejudice: From Big-Five personality factors to facets . Manuscript submitted for publication Google Scholar

• Ekehammar, B., Akrami, N., Araya, T.(2000). Development and validation of Swedish classical and modern sexism scales. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 41, 307– 314 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Ekehammar, B., Akrami, N., Gylje, M., Zakrisson, I.(2004). What matters most to prejudice: Big Five personality, social dominance orientation, or right-wing authoritarianism?. European Journal of Personality, 18, 463– 482 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Eysenck, H.J.(1961). Personality and social attitudes. Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 243– 248 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Guimond, S., Dambrun, M., Michinov, N., Duarte, S.(2003). Does social dominance generate prejudice? Integrating individual and contextual determinants of intergroup cognitions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 697– 721 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Heaven, P.C.L., Bucci, S.(2001). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and personality: An analysis using the IPIP measure. European Journal of Personality, 15, 49– 56 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Hodson, G., Sorrentino, R.M.(1999). Uncertainty orientation and the Big Five personality structure. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 253– 261 Crossref, Google Scholar

• John, O.P., Srivastava, S.(1999). The Big Five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In L.A. Pervin & O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 102-138). New York: Guilford Google Scholar

• Kreindler, S.A.(2005). A dual group process model of individual differences in prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9, 90– 107 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Lambert, A.J., Chasteen, A.L.(1997). Perceptions of disadvantage vs. conventionality: Political values and attitudes toward the elderly vs. Blacks. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 469– 481 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Lippa, R., Arad, S.(1999). Gender, personality, and prejudice: The display of authoritarianism and social dominance in interviews with college men and women. Journal of Research in Personality, 33, 463– 493 Crossref, Google Scholar

• McCrae, R.R., Costa, P.T., Jr.(1996). Toward a new generation of personality theories: Theoretical contexts for the five-factor model. In J.S. Wiggins (Ed.), The five-factor model of personality: Theoretical perspectives (pp. 51-87). New York: Guilford Google Scholar

• McCrae, R.R., Costa, P.T., Jr.(1999). A five-factor theory of personality. In L.A. Pervin & O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed., pp. 139-153). New York: Guilford Google Scholar

• McFarland, S.G.(1998, July). Toward a typology of prejudiced persons . Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Society for Political Psychology, Montreal, Canada Google Scholar

• McFarland, S.G., Adelson, S.(1996, July). An omnibus study of personality, values, and prejudice . Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Society for Political Psychology, Vancouver, British Columbia Google Scholar

• Paunonen, S.V.(1998). Hierarchical organization of personality and prediction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 538– 556 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Paunonen, S.V., Ashton, M.C.(2001). Big Five factors and facets and the prediction of behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 524– 539 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Paunonen, S.V., Haddock, G., Försterling, F., Keinonen, M.(2003). Broad versus narrow personality measures and the prediction of behaviour across cultures. European Journal of Personality, 17, 413– 433 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Peterson, B.E., Smirles, K.A., Wentworth, P.A.(1997). Generativity and authoritarianism: Implications for personality, political involvement, and parenting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 1202– 1216 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Pratto, F., Sidanius, J., Stallworth, L., Malle, B.(1994). Social dominance orientation: A personality variable predicting social and political attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 741– 763 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Reynolds, K.J., Turner, J.C., Haslam, S.A., Ryan, M.K.(2001). The role of personality and group factors in explaining prejudice. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 37, 427– 434 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Roccato, M., Ricolfi, L.(2005). On the correlation between right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 3, 187– 200 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Rockeach, M.(1960). The open and closed mind . New York: Basic Books Google Scholar

• Sidanius, J., Pratto, F.(1999). Social dominance: An intergroup theory of social hierarchy and oppression . New York: Cambridge University Press Google Scholar

• Tajfel, H., Turner, J.C.(1986). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W.G. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 7-24). Chicago: Nelson-Hall Google Scholar

• Trapnell, P.D.(1994). Openness versus intellect: A lexical left turn. European Journal of Personality, 8, 273– 290 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Turner, J.C., Hogg, M.A., Oakes, P.J., Reicher, S.D., Wetherell, M.S.(1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory . Oxford: Blackwell Google Scholar

• Van Hiel, A., Mervielde, I.(2002). Explaining conservative beliefs and political preferences: A comparison of social dominance orientation and authoritarianism. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32, 965– 976 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Van Hiel, A., Mervielde, I.(2004). Openness to experience and boundaries in the mind: Relationships with cultural and economic conservative beliefs. Journal of Personality, 72, 659– 686 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Van Hiel, A., Pandelaere, M., Duriez, B.(2004). The impact of need for closure on conservative beliefs and racism: Differential mediation by authoritarian submission and authoritarian dominance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 824– 837 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Verkuyten, M., Hagendoorn, L.(1998). Prejudice and self-categorization: The variable role of authoritarianism and in-group stereotypes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 24, 99– 110 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Whitley, B.E. Jr.(1999). Right-wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation, and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 126– 134 Crossref, Google Scholar

• Zakrisson, I.(2005). Construction of a short version of the Right-Wing Authoritarianism (RWA) scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 863– 872 Crossref, Google Scholar

• • Is There Such a Thing as a Hate Crime Paradigm? An Integrative Review of Bias-Motivated Violent Victimization and Offending, Its Effects and Underlying Mechanisms

    24 December 2020 | Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, Vol. 23, No. 3

  • Social dominance orientation in children: The validation of the long and short version of the child SDO 6 scale

    18 March 2021 | European Journal of Developmental Psychology, Vol. 19, No. 1

  • SAĞ KANAT YETKECİLİĞİ: KAVRAMSALLAŞTIRMA, ÖLÇÜM VE TÜRKİYE’DEKİ BULGULARA DAİR SİSTEMATİK BİR DERLEME

    18 December 2021 | Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi

  • Heteronormativity in Italy: Psychometric Characteristics of the Italian Version of the Heteronormative Attitudes and Beliefs Scale

    1 August 2020 | Sexuality Research and Social Policy, Vol. 18, No. 3

  • Authoritarianism Beyond Disposition: A Literature Review of Research on Contextual Antecedents

    24 June 2021 | Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 12

  • Moral reasoning and anti-immigrant bias: Experimental evidence from university students in Germany and the United States

    Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, Vol. 90

  • A Dilemma of Dogma: Specifying the Personality Root of Sexual Prejudice

    28 June 2019 | Journal of Homosexuality, Vol. 68, No. 1

  • Psychopathic propensities contribute to social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism in predicting prejudicial attitudes in a large European sample

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 168

  • Intergroup contact and prejudice toward immigrants: A multinational, multilevel test of the moderating role of individual conservative values and cultural embeddedness

    International Journal of Intercultural Relations, Vol. 75

  • Personality and ideological bases of anti-immigrant prejudice among Croatian youth

    1 March 2018 | Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Vol. 45, No. 13

  • Prejudice-relevant Correlates of Attitudes towards Refugees: A Meta-analysis

    21 August 2019 | Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 32, No. 3

  • What lies beneath? Predictors of identification with all humanity

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 141

  • Facets of personality and “ideological asymmetries”

    Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 77

  • If they can’t change, why support change? Implicit theories about groups, social dominance orientation and political identity

    26 April 2018 | Journal of Social and Political Psychology, Vol. 6, No. 1

  • Openness and Intellect differentially predict Right-Wing Authoritarianism

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 124

  • Personality, Religion, and Politics: An Investigation in 33 Countries

    30 March 2018 | European Journal of Personality, Vol. 32, No. 2

  • The Prejudiced Personality? Using the Big Five to Predict Susceptibility to Stereotyping Behavior

    4 August 2017 | American Politics Research, Vol. 46, No. 2

  • The HEXACO correlates of authoritarianism's facets in the U.S. and Denmark

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 116

  • An investigation of fit perceptions and promotability in sexual minority candidates

    Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, Vol. 36, No. 7

  • Авторитарность в структуре личностных черт

    24 April 2017 | Психологические исследования, Vol. 10, No. 52

  • An Alternative Conception of Social Pathology

    22 February 2017

  • History, Systems of Domination and Moral Norms

    22 February 2017

  • The Role of Cognitive Style in the Link Between Genes and Political Ideology

    12 January 2016 | Political Psychology, Vol. 37, No. 6

  • Political orientation and dominance: Are people on the political right more dominant?

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 94

  • The Authoritarian Personality in Emerging Adulthood: Longitudinal Analysis Using Standardized Scales, Observer Ratings, and Content Coding of the Life Story

    13 January 2015 | Journal of Personality, Vol. 84, No. 2

  • Moral Dilemmas in Military Situations: Proportionality Principle, Religiosity, Political Attitudes, and Authoritarian Personality

    13 December 2017 | Military Psychology, Vol. 27, No. 3

  • Climbing the Social Ladder: Physiological Response to Social Status in Adolescents

    10 October 2014 | Adaptive Human Behavior and Physiology, Vol. 1, No. 1

  • Openness to Experience

  • Personality, Emotional and Self-Assessed Intelligence and Right Wing Authoritarianism

    Psychology, Vol. 06, No. 16

  • Societal Threat to Safety, Compensatory Control, and Right-Wing Authoritarianism

    6 June 2013 | Political Psychology, Vol. 35, No. 6

  • Neuroticism and State Differences in Partisanship in the USA: Emotional Stability, Ideological Orientation, and Republican Preference

    30 September 2014 | Journal of Social and Political Psychology, Vol. 2, No. 1

  • Common Heritable Effects Underpin Concerns Over Norm Maintenance and In-Group Favoritism: Evidence From Genetic Analyses of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Traditionalism

    12 August 2013 | Journal of Personality, Vol. 82, No. 4

  • Social Dominance and the Cultural Politics of Immigration

    6 June 2013 | Political Psychology, Vol. 35, No. 2

  • Openness to Experience, Honesty–Humility and ideological attitudes: A fine-grained analysis

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 59

  • A Complex Systems Approach to the Study of Ideology: Cognitive-Affective Structures and the Dynamics of Belief Systems

    16 December 2013 | Journal of Social and Political Psychology, Vol. 1, No. 1

  • Internal and External Threat in Relationship With Right-Wing Attitudes

    21 February 2013 | Journal of Personality, Vol. 81, No. 3

  • The Relationship Between Right-Wing Ideological Attitudes and Psychological Well-Being

    22 February 2013 | Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Vol. 39, No. 4

  • The role of personal values and basic traits in perceptions of the consequences of immigration: A three-nation study

    20 October 2011 | British Journal of Psychology, Vol. 103, No. 3

  • The Personality of a Nonperson

    9 March 2012 | Perspectives on Psychological Science, Vol. 7, No. 2

  • The impact of the HEXACO personality model in predicting socio-political attitudes: The moderating role of interest in politics

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 52, No. 3

  • Parsimony in Personality: Predicting Sexual Prejudice

    Journal of Homosexuality, Vol. 59, No. 2

  • Investigating Social Dominance in a Prison Population

    Journal of Criminal Psychology, Vol. 1, No. 1

  • Personality and Social Psychology Factors Explaining Sexism

    • Nazar Akrami, 
    • Bo Ekehammar, and 
    • Fan Yang-Wallentin

    28 June 2011 | Journal of Individual Differences, Vol. 32, No. 3

  • Maintaining but also changing hierarchies

  • Gender, Sexuality, and the Authoritarian Personality

    12 October 2010 | Journal of Personality, Vol. 78, No. 6

  • The Personality Bases of Ideology: A One-Year Longitudinal Study

    The Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 150, No. 5

  • Right-wing authoritarianism, Big Five and perceived threat to safety

    24 November 2009 | European Journal of Personality, Vol. 24, No. 2

  • Attitudes of the selfless: Explaining political orientation with altruism

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 48, No. 3

  • The Generality of Personality HeritabilityBig-Five Trait Heritability Predicts Response Time to Trait Items

    • Bo Ekehammar, 
    • Nazar Akrami, 
    • Lars-Erik Hedlund, 
    • Kimio Yoshimura, 
    • Yutaka Ono, 
    • Juko Ando, and 
    • Shinji Yamagata

    29 September 2010 | Journal of Individual Differences, Vol. 31, No. 4

  • L’âgisme : Adaptation française d’une mesure et test d’un modèle structural des effets de l’empathie, l’orientation à la dominance sociale et le dogmatisme sur l’âgisme

    1 December 2009 | Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement, Vol. 28, No. 4

  • Inter- and intrapersonal processes underlying authoritarianism: The role of social conformity and personal need for structure

    17 July 2009 | European Journal of Personality, Vol. 23, No. 7

  • Prejudice: The Person in the situation

    Journal of Research in Personality, Vol. 43, No. 5

  • Big-Five Personality, Social Worldviews, and Ideological Attitudes: Further Tests of a Dual Process Cognitive-Motivational Model

    The Journal of Social Psychology, Vol. 149, No. 5

  • Predicting dispositions toward inclusion of students with disabilities: the role of conservative ideology and discomfort with disability

    21 October 2008 | Social Psychology of Education, Vol. 12, No. 2

  • The Role of Gender Identification in Social Dominance Orientation: Mediating or Moderating the Effect of Sex? 1

    Journal of Applied Social Psychology, Vol. 39, No. 4

  • Protestant ethic ideology: Its multifaceted relationships with just world beliefs, social dominance orientation, and right-wing authoritarianism

    Personality and Individual Differences, Vol. 45, No. 6

  • Personality and Prejudice: A Meta-Analysis and Theoretical Review

    1 August 2008 | Personality and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 12, No. 3

  • Personality and Prejudice: From Big Five Personality Factors to Facets

    Journal of Personality, Vol. 75, No. 5

Volume 27Issue 3August 2006

ISSN: 1614-0001eISSN: 2151-2299

Acknowledgments: